14. Let us determine, then, What is reasoning? and what passion? and how many forms of the passions? and whether reasoning bears sway over all of these?
15. Reasoning is, then, intellect accompanied by a life of rectitude, putting foremost the consideration of wisdom.
16. And wisdom is a knowledge of divine and human things, and of their causes.
17. And this is contained in the education of the law; by means of which we learn divine things reverently, and human things profitably.
18. And the forms of wisdom are prudence, and justice, and manliness, and temperance.
19. The leading one of these is prudence; by whose means, indeed, it is that reasoning bears rule over the passions.
20. Of the passions, pleasure and pain are the two most comprehensive; and they also by nature refer to the soul.
21. And there are many attendant affections surrounding pleasure and pain.
22. Before pleasure is lust; and after pleasure, joy.
23. And before pain is fear; and after pain is sorrow.
24. Wrath is an affection, common to pleasure and to pain, if any one will pay attention when it comes upon him.
25. And there exists in pleasure a malicious disposition, which is the most multiform of all the affections.