1-2. Out of the midst of all their persecutions and afflictions the heart of the churches of Macedonia has been preserved so fresh and fearless that the surplus of their joy and gladness has taken the form of a bountiful gift to God.
3. Their utter poverty too in respect of worldly needs and aspirations has contributed to this gift.
4. They have but one single aim, and that has flowed liberally and richly into this contribution which is for the central church at Jerusalem.